IRS limits for 2019 are $3,500 per year if you have Employee Only coverage, or $7,000 for Family coverage. If aged 55 or older, you can also make “catch-up” contributions of up to $1,000 per year above those limits.

Once you have an account, you can stop, re-start or change your contribution amount at any time.

Contribution limits assume the account holder is “eligible” for the entire tax year. If the account holder is not eligible for the entire tax year they can still contribute the maximum as long as they remain eligible for the entire following tax year (through December 31); otherwise, they will be taxed like normal with an additional 10% penalty on a prorated amount of the contribution.

Contributions can be made up to the day federal income taxes are due for the previous plan year.